protectionism

What a difference a year makes. In the spring of 2021, Joe Biden was seeking to further expand government spending with both direct aid to the population and long-term investment, aiming to have an impact in line with former presidents such…

Many observers have recently announced or conjectured about the end of globalization. Such evaluation appears to be a gross generalization that is not confirmed by the current state of world trade. Despite the 2008 global financial crisis’s…

In 2017, American Airlines Chief Executive Doug Parker declared, “I don’t think we are ever going to lose money again.” And yet, three years later, both American and global airline industry prospects are grimmer than ever. Since the…

The progress of globalization and liberalization that characterized the past three decades since the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 has stopped in its tracks - gradually and then suddenly in the words of Ernest Hemingway – with the present…

Dopo la seconda guerra mondiale, il principio guida dell’economia internazionale è stato quello della convergenza su una serie di fondamentali canoni di mercato. Ciò non significa che esista una formula universalmente valida, né che tutte…